If a woman goes through labor and gives birth to multiple offspring all of the following could have happened expect
a: a single egg may have been released but split following fertilization
b: many eggs may have been released multiple menopause.
c: she may have released multiple eggs during her reproductive cycle
d: two eggs may have been fertilized producing fraternal twins

The correct answer is B: many eggs may have been released multiple menopause. That is because you can't enter labor or even become pregnant if you're in menopause. This couldn't have happened because menopause is the end of menstruation and the end of female fertiliy. When it begins, the female can't have kids anymore.

Miscigenation between ethnicities

Explanation:

Sickle-cell anemia is caused by disturbances in hemoglobin, one of the blood components. This disease can lead to kidney, liver, heart and bone complications.

Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease originating in Africa, so white Americans usually do not have the sickle-shaped hemoglobin (Hemoglobin "S") gene.

Due to the miscegenation between West African blacks and American whites, the probability of having the allele gene for sickle cell anemia is reduced but not canceled.

Interestingly, the countries with the highest incidence of sickle cell anemia are the countries where there are endemic cases of malaria, a disease that directly attacks hemoglobin in blood, but cannot settle in the "S" hemoglobin characteristic of sickle cell anemia.