Look at the model below representing a signal transduction in a cell: Which of the following would not necessarily stimulate a cellular response?

A) A bonded signal molecule and surface substrate

B) A large concentration of hormones outside of the cell

C) A large concentration of ions inside of the cell

D) An open gate for the specific ions

The correct option is B.
This question is testing your knowledge of the differences between solid and liquid particles. The particles of the solid vibrate around a fixed position, they can not move about while those of the liquid are able to move to some extent. The candy in Damien's pocket melted because it was heated up by the temperature of his body. Because the particles of the chocolate has been heated, they gain more kinetic energy and they vibrate faster compare to that of the solid chocolate.