Ms. waters is thinking about a discussion in class today that surprised her. she learned that if she burns her finger, for example, a simple pathway of communication occurs, from sensory neurons through interneurons in the spinal cord back out through motor neurons. this pathway is more commonly referred to as a(n):

This pathway is more commonly referred to as a reflex arc.

A reflex arc is the pathway of neurons that controls a reflex (an involuntary reaction to a stimulus).  A reflex arc involves a few nerve cells and the information is transmitted from the body to the spinal cord. There are two types of reflex arc which are; somatic reflex arc that affects muscles, and autonomic reflex arc that affects inner organs. Most reflex arcs are composed of sensory neurons, receptors, interneurons, motor neurons and muscles.

Explanation:

1. A)Plants absorb water from the soil by osmosis. Root hair cells are adapted for this by having a large surface area to speed up osmosis. The absorbed water is transported through the roots to the rest of the plant where it is used for different purposes. They have a large surface area, due to their hair-like projections, which eases uptake.

B) refer the picture

2. The end walls are removed from each end, forming an uninterrupted tube, so water can pass through easily.Their walls are thickened with a woody substance called lignin, which helps to support the xylem vessels and stops them collapsing inwards.There are small pits in the cell wall where is no lignin so water and ions can move into and out of the vessels.

3. They absorb mineral ions by active transport, against the concentration gradient. Root hair cells are adapted for taking up water and mineral ions by having a large surface area to increase the rate of absorption.

4. Plants absorb water through their entire surface – roots, stems and leaves because of this osmosis occurs and the water is absorbed by the root hairs through cell membranes from the soil. Then the root hair cells become more turgid and their osmotic pressure falls.