Which of the following best describes the interaction between earth’s crust and living organisms? a. raw materials essential for life are cycled through earth’s crust. b. fossil fuels are a valuable energy source for the biosphere. c. the continental crust allowed the evolution of life on land. d. the crust recycles the organic materials in sedimentary rock.

b.  Fossil fuels are a valuable energy source for the biosphere.

Explanation:

The living organisms are dependent upon the earth crust for their food and resource needs. The earth crust is mined for a variety of inorganic and organic reserves like minerals, fossil fuels like petroleum, gasoline, natural gas and coal. The fossil fuels are non-renewable resources which are produced after million's of years the complete degradation and decomposition of the organic matter of dead animals and plants. This act as source of energy by the living organisms in biosphere.            

The seven characteristics of life include: responsiveness to the environment; growth and change; ability to reproduce; have a metabolism and breathe; maintain homeostasis; being made of cells; passing traits onto offspring. Hope this helps!