Which of the following is not a step involved in critical thinking? a. asking questions b. assessing validity c. writing a summary d. adjusting conclusions Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D

Phrenology is the study of bumps on the head to predict a person's personality or behavior. It was developed in the late 1700s when a German doctor, Franz Gall, discovered that many criminals had particularly bumpy heads. Gall believed that the location of a bump determined characteristics such as kind manners, criminal instinct, or musical talent. Gall primarily studied criminals or hospital patients with oddly shaped heads, and he ignored any evidence that went against his findings. Today, with the use of technology and repeated studies, we know that many different parts of the brain affect a person's personality and behavior. Is phrenology an example of science or pseudoscience? Explain your answer.

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