Write your answers in a different color that is easy to read. 1. What is the molecule used to transfer energy to living things? What is its long name?
2. What is significant about the three phosphates tied together in ATP that makes it ideal for
performing its job?
3. How is ADP different from ATP?
4.
What are the three phases of cellular respiration?
5. What is glycolysis? Include the starting molecule and end product of glycolysis in your answer.
6.
How many ATP molecules are required to start glycolysis?

1. ATP - Adenosine Triphosphate
2. Having 3 phosphates is ideal because the energy required to break off 1 phosphate group from ATP to form ADP issues considerable energy, while also leaving the ADP molecule enough to attract a phosphate group and become ATP again
3. ADP is different from ATP because there is one less phosphate in ADP. ADP stands for Adenosine Diphosphate meaning it has 2 phosphate groups (di), and ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate meaning it has 3 phosphate groups (tri)
4. Phases of cellular respiration are (chronologically); glycolysis, private oxidation, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain
5. Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration where the glucose molecule is changed in a series of 10 steps to form 2 pyruvate molecules
6. 2 molecules of ATP must be used to start glycolysis

Binary fission and mitosis are both asexual forms of cellular reproduction that duplicate the existing DNA in a mother cell and split the cell into two exact copies called daughter cells. Prokaryotes and some eukaryotic organelles use binary fission in the nucleoid. Eukaryotes use mitosis to reproduce the nucleus.