Two automobile manufacturers are working together to develop hybrid technology. This type of relationship between the two automobile manufacturers is best described as:

a. Co-opetition
b. Strategic alliance
c. Competition
d. Collaboration
e. Business strategy

Co-opetition

Explanation:

Co-opetition is the term used to describe cooperative competition. Firms coopete with each other for the achievement of same goal and also compete with each other for customers in the market.

Most times, co-opetition takes place when the companies are in the same market and work together to explore knowledge and make research on new products, even though they also compete for market-share for their products and in the utilization of the knowledge created. From the question, the two automobile manufacturers work together to achieve a common goal of development of hybrid technology but will also compete later for market share.

$ 43,135.67

Explanation:

The amount required today is the present value of the future expected amount in 11 years computed using the present value formula below:

PV=FV/(1+r)^n*m

PV=the unknown present value

FV=$76,000

r=monthly interest rate=0.43%

n=number of years=11

m=number of months in 1 year=12

PV=$76,000/(1+0.43%)^(11*12)

PV=$76,000/(1+0.43%)^132

PV=$76,000/1.761883042

PV=$ 43,135.67