When the government imposes a tax on a firm that generates external costs, the tax is A) always borne entirely by the firm. B) always borne entirely by the consumer. C) usually borne by both the firm and the consumer. D) borne only by the government.

C) usually borne by both the firm and the consumer.

Explanation:

Taxation can be defined as the involuntary or compulsory fees levied on individuals or business entities by the government to generate revenues used for funding public institutions and activities.

There are three (3) types of taxation used by the government, these are;

1. Progressive taxation: it involves charging individuals having higher incomes a higher percentage of their total income.

For instance, John pays 30% on $70,000 and Joyce pays 10% on $45.000.

2. Proportional taxation: it involves charging both lower and higher income earners equally in proportion to their income.

For instance, John pays 20% on $50,000 and Joyce pays 20% on $36,000.

3. Regressive taxation: it involves charging individuals with low incomes a higher percentage of their total income and vice-versa.

For instance, John pays 15% on $60,000 and Joyce pays 20% on $36,000.

When the government imposes a tax on a firm that generates external costs, the tax is usually borne by both the firm and the consumer.

This ultimately implies that, the tax incidence falls on both the manufacturer or producer of the goods and services, as well as the consumers of these finished goods.

Rising ocean temperatures will influence reef species to move to another area that has cooler areas.

Pollution will create dead zones where there are little to no wildlife. Material pollution like plastic will also kill marine life.

Human interference can affect the ecosystems by polluting, overfishing, and destroying coral.

Explanation:

Some marine life are not suitable to warm temperatures, and this will cause them to move to cooler ones, disrupting the normal balance the ecosystem once had.

Pollution from fertilizer runoff and others can deplete the oxygen in the water, and animals like turtles believe plastic is food and will kill them by destroying internal organs and blocking intestines.

Humans pollute and overfish, and this throws the ecosystems off balance because it will create dead zones and will significantly decrease the amount of wildlife there. Humans also destroy coral, which will make reefs die and destroy habitats for wildlife.