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31.08.2019 •
Chemistry
How does an ion differ from an atom?
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Ответ:
Ответ:
An ion is when one or more electrons are either added or removed from an atom to form a charged particle. The atoms are then strongly attracted to each other.
So take, for example, sodium and chlorine atoms. When the atoms react the sodium ion gives up its outer electron and becomes a Na+ ion. This means it has a charge of +1 (due to it losing an electron, the forces are no longer balanced as there is one more proton than electrons). The chlorine gains the electron that sodium lost and becomes a Cl- ion. This meant it has a charge of -1 (due to it gaining an electron there is one more electron than protons, causing to forces to become unbalanced). Both ions then have full outer shells and are attracted to each other due to being oppositely charged.
To sum it up, an atom is what you see on the periodic table and they always have no charge and an ion is when an atom loses or gains at least one electron causing it to have a positive or negative charge.
Ответ:
There are O-H bonds in H2O. They have the intramolecular force of polar covalent bond.