In the step gradient separation, four separate fractions were collected. how were these related to the polarities of the column and of the eluting solvent?

  These related to the polarities of the column and of the eluting solvent When you run a column are 
 1) always start with a more non-polar solvent ratio and SLOWLY increase the polarity of the solvent.
1) Columns are generally made with silica which is highly polar, so compounds that are more polar in nature will interact with the silica more than those that are non-polar.
 3) The first fractions to come out should be most non-polar, with each fraction collected after that being more and more polar.
hope this helps

1. Fact: A dead organism is still an organic being.
Evidence: Non-living things differentiate from living beings due to differences in organic and non-organic chemical compounds. On top of this, non-living things were never alive in the first place.

2. Fact: The Linnaeus system, although still recognized as the perfect class system, has changed.
Evidence: Initially, Kingdom was the highest class in the system; however, later on, scientists introduced a class above this- the Domain.

3. Fact: The tiger and goldfish are not closely related.
Evidence: Although all living things share common ancestors from billions of years ago, they branched off and continued to do so since then. The only relation these two organisms share is distant DNA patterns.

4. An organism's kingdom is no longer only based on physical appearance.
Evidence: Although before the rise of genetics and evolutionary sciences this may have been the case, it isn't anymore. We now have the ability to analyze DNA, as well as actually pick apart what makes the organism what it is.

5. Mammals are indeed in the same domain as plants. 
Evidence: All plants, fungi, protists, and animals posses eukaryotic cells; therefore placing them in the same domain.