In the water molecule, the h-o-h bond angle is 105º. which distribution of electrons around the central atom provides the best explanation for this bond angle?

4 shared pairs
2 shared pairs, 2 lone pairs
1 shared pair, 3 lone pairs
3 shared pairs, 1 lone pair

The correct option is: 2 shared pairs, 2 lone pairs

Explanation:

Water is an inorganic molecule that is composed of one central oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms bonded by covalent bonds. The molecular formula of water is H₂O and the bond angle is 109.47°.

The oxygen is sp³ hybridized and there are two bond (or shared) pairs and two lone pairs of electrons in a water molecule. The structure of H₂O is bent due to the repulsive forces between the lone pairs of electrons.

Due to these repulsive forces, the H-O-H bond angle decreases from 109.47°, which is the ideal bond angle to 104.45°.

The correct answer is cooling effect is observed.

Explanation:

With the evaporation of some of the water, it can be said that the molecules of water have captivated heat from the environment and the liquid state of water get convert into the vapor state. Thus, a cooling effect is witnessed because the heat of the surrounding molecules has got diminished due to the absorption of the molecules of water. Therefore, there will be a reduction in the temperature and a cooling effect is witnessed.