La nitroglicerina (C3H5N309) es un explosivo muy potente. Su descomposición se puede representar mediante 4C3H5N309 – N2 +12002 + 10H20-02
Esta reacción genera una gran cantidad de calor y muchos productos gaseosos. La velocidad formación de estos gases, asi como su rápida expansion,
es lo que causa la explosión. ¿Cuál es la máxima cantidad de O2 en gramos que se obtendrá a partir de 2 x 10 g de nitroglicerina?

The concentration of NH₄NO₃ required to make [OH⁻]  = 1.0 × 10⁻⁵ in a 0.200-m solution of NH₃ is 0.3639 M

Explanation:

Here we have

The reaction of Ammonia and water to produce OH⁻

NH₃ + H₂O → NH₄⁺ + OH⁻

From Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation for bases we have

pOH = pKb + log[acid]/[base]

The concentration of OH⁻ is given as [OH⁻] = 1.0 × 10⁻⁵

Therefore pOH = -log [OH⁻]  = -log(1.0 × 10⁻⁵) = 5

The base dissociation constant is given by  

kb = [B⁺][OH⁻]/[BOH]

For NH₃, kb = 1.8×10⁻⁵

pKb = -log Kb = 4.74

From the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation

The acid concentration  = [NH₄⁺] and the base concentration = [NH₃] = 0.200 M

pOH = pKb + log ([acid]/[base])

Substituting the values, we have

5 = 4.74 + log ([ NH4+ ]/0.200 M)

[NH4+] = 1.8197×0.200 M = 0.3639 M

NH₄NO₃ → NH₄⁺ + NO₃⁻

Therefore, since one mole of NH₄NO₃, produces one mole of NH₄⁺, the number of moles of NH₄NO₃ required to produce  0.3639 M of NH₄⁺ is 0.3639 M of NH₄NO₃

The concentration of NH₄NO₃ required to make [OH⁻]  = 1.0 × 10⁻⁵ in a 0.200-m solution of NH₃ = 0.3639 M