Question 1
What is the most important factor that determines Earth's temperature?
I’m

The Sun is the primary source of energy that influences any planet's temperature, including Earth. The amount of energy received from the Sun is called insolation; the ratio reflected is called the albedo.

Explanation:

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1- 114.54 g.

2- 78.32 g.

Explanation:

Q1:

The balanced equation of the reaction is:

F₂ + 2NaCl → Cl₂ + 2NaF.

It is clear that 1.0 mole of F₂ reacts with 2.0 moles of NaCl to produce 1.0 mole of Cl₂ and 2.0 moles of NaF.We can calculate the no. of moles of F₂ (15.0 liters at 280.0 K and 1.50 atm) using the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT,

where, P is the pressure of the gas (P = 1.0 atm),

V is the volume of the gas (V = 15.0 L),

n is the no. of moles of the gas (n = ??? mole),

R is the general gas constant (R = 0.082 L.atm/mol.K),

T is the temperature of the gas (T = 280.0 K).

∴ n = PV/RT = (1.5 atm)(15.0 L) / (0.082 L/atm/mol.K)(280.0 K) = 0.98 mol.

We can get the no. of moles of NaCl  reacted with 0.98 mol of F₂.

Using cross multiplication:

1.0 mole of F₂ reacts with → 2.0 moles of NaCl, from the stichiometry.

0.98 mole of F₂ reacts with → ??? moles of NaCl.

∴ The no, of moles of reacted NaCl = (2.0 mole)(0.98 mole)/(1.0 mole) = 1.96 mol.

Now, we can get the mass of NaCl that reacted with F₂ at 280.0 K and 1.50 atm:

∴ The mass of NaCl = n x molar mass of NaCl = (1.96 mol)(58.44 g/mol) = 114.54 g.

Q2:

STP conditions means that P = 1.0 atm and T = 273.0 K.We can calculate the no. of moles of F₂ (15.0 liters at 273.0 K and 1.0 atm) using the ideal gas law: PV = nRT,

∴ n = PV/RT = (1.0 atm)(15.0 L) / (0.082 L/atm/mol.K)(273.0 K) = 0.67 mol.

We can get the no. of moles of NaCl  reacted with 0.67 mol of F₂.

Using cross multiplication:

1.0 mole of F₂ reacts with → 2.0 moles of NaCl, from the stichiometry.

0.67 mole of F₂ reacts with → ??? moles of NaCl.

∴ The no, of moles of reacted NaCl = (2.0 mole)(0.67 mole)/(1.0 mole) = 1.34 mol.

Now, we can get the mass of NaCl that reacted with F₂ at 280.0 K and 1.50 atm:

∴ The mass of NaCl = n x molar mass of NaCl = (1.34 mol)(58.44 g/mol) = 78.32 g.