What is the difference between naoh(s) and naoh(aq)?

Explanation:

In NaOH(s), the sodium hydroxide is present in solid state because (s) represents solid state of a substance.

This also means that there is strong force of attraction between sodium and hydroxide ions due to which they are bonded together.

In NaOH(aq), the sodium hydroxide is present in aqueous state because (aq) represents aqueous state.

This also means that in NaOH(aq) there are sodium and hydroxide ions are present in the solution.

4.999 moles of excess reactant will be left over.

Explanation:

Limiting reagent is defined as the reagent which is completely consumed in the reaction and limits the formation of the product.

Excess reagent is defined as the reagent which is left behind after the completion of the reaction.

The number of moles is defined as the ratio of the mass of a substance to its molar mass.

      .....(1)

Given mass of aluminium carbide = 112 g

Molar mass of aluminium carbide = 143.96 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1:

For the given chemical reaction:

By the stoichiometry of the reaction:

2 moles of aluminium carbide reacts with 12 moles of water

So, 0.778 moles of aluminium carbide will react with = of water

Given mass of water = 174 g

Molar mass of water = 18 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1:

Moles of excess reactant (water) left = 9.667 - 4.668 = 4.999 moles

Hence, 4.999 moles of excess reactant will be left over.