Describes all the processes associated with the discharge of magma, hot fluids, ash, and gases.
a. magnetism
b. volcanism
c. hydraulic energy
d. thermal energy

D. The Ring of Fire is a series of tornadoes that sweep across North America annually.

Explanation:

The ring of fire is zone on the pacific ocean where the series of volcanic arcs are formed that arise from the ocean sea floors and they are like radiating hills and are known to cause the 80% of the volcanic eruptions and the massive earthquake and they are located in the pacific ocean which itself is getting subducted by the north American late thus is shrinking in size and volume. The ring-shaped areas are a major basin of the pacific ocean and is large as 40,000 km in a horseshoe shape has more than 400 volcanoes and 70 % of them are active.