Which of the following statements regarding altitude and climate are true? i. species composition on different sides of a mountain range are often different from each other. ii. rain shadows may appear on one side of a mountain range. iii. the higher the altitude, the warmer the climate. iv. both sides of a mountain range generally receive equal amounts of precipitation.

I. and II.

Explanation:

Due to the difference in sunlight and precipitation on the leeward and windward side of a mountain range, the plant and animal species that can survive in each zone may differ considerably.

The rain shadow effect also occurs on the leeward side of the mountain where precipitation is blocked by the mountain range and thus prevented from falling on the far side. On the windward side of a mountain range, precipitation tends to be copious as the water vapour in most air condenses to form rain clouds as it rises up the slopes of the range.