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juansebas35
07.12.2020 •
Health
Research 2 cost effective health insurance plans
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Ответ:
Explanation:
lthough studies have examined both the adverse consequences of lacking health insurance and the costs of insuring the uninsured, there are no estimates of the value of providing health insurance to those currently uninsured. To examine the value associated with providing insurance to those currently uninsured through an incremental cost-effectiveness analysis. People aged 25 to 64 in both the National Health Interview Survey (with 2-year mortality follow-up) and the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey were examined to estimate the contribution of sociodemographic, health, and health behavior characteristics on insured persons' quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and healthcare costs. Parameter estimates from these regression models were used to predict QALYs and costs associated with insuring the uninsured, given their characteristics for 1996. Markov decision-analysis modeling was then employed to calculate incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. The incremental cost-effectiveness of insurance for the average 25-year-old adult (through age 64) is approximately $35,000 per QALY gained (range $21,000 to $48,000). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio becomes more favorable as people approach age 65. The additional health care purchased with health insurance provides gains in quality-adjusted life at costs that compare favorably to those of other programs and medical interventions society now chooses to fun
Ответ:
Una enfermedad venérea o de transmisión se.xual es una enfermedad infecciosa que generalmente solo se puede contraer si uno entra en contacto con alguien que ya tiene la enfermedad venérea. A diferencia de otras enfermedades infecciosas, que pueden transmitirse, por ejemplo, a través de los estornudos, las ETS generalmente se transmiten a través del contacto se.xual.
Las enfermedades venéreas pueden ser causadas por organismos muy diferentes: espiroquetas, cocos, bacilos o virus. Por ejemplo, el patógeno de una ITS puede ubicarse en el moco de la vagina, o en el semen o detrás del prepucio. Cuando se hace contacto con una pareja, el patógeno se puede transmitir. Esto a veces requiere una herida en el lado del receptor, pero no siempre es así. Muchas enfermedades venéreas también pueden transmitirse de otras formas, por ejemplo, mediante el uso de drogas por vía intravenosa, el contacto íntimo pero no se.xual o mediante transfusiones de sangre.
La fidelidad mutua entre parejas que no están infectadas con una ETS es una forma de evitar la transmisión y propagación de enfermedades de transmisión se.xual. Los métodos para reducir en gran medida la posibilidad de transmitir ETS son usar un condón en cada contacto en el que el pene juega un papel. Sin embargo, estos métodos no garantizan que no se transmitirá una ITS. La única forma realmente segura es no tener relaciones se.xuales con un portador de una ETS y, por lo tanto, no tener contacto se.xual si uno es portador de una ETS.