2) What were the major characteristics of the civilization established by the
Israelites?

1. Stock market crash of 1929

2. Banking panics and monetary contractions

3. The GOLD standard

4. Decreased international lending and tariffs.

Explanation:

1. Stock market crash of 1929

The stock market crash of 1929 was a collapse of stock prices that began on Oct. 29, 1929, the Dow Jones Industrial Average had dropped 24.8%, marking one of the worst declines in U.S. history. It destroyed confidence in Wall Street markets.

2. Banking Panics and monetary contractions

The US appeared to be poised for economic recovery following the stock market crash of 1929, until a series of bank panics in the fall of 1930 turned the recovery into the beginning of the Great Depression.

3. The gold standard

The gold standard is a monetary system where a country's currency or paper money has a value directly linked to gold. With the gold standard, countries agreed to convert paper money into a fixed amount of gold.

4. Decreased international lending and tariffs

The Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act raised the United States's already high tariff rates. In 1922 Congress had enacted the Fordney-McCumber Act, which was among the most punitive protectionist tariffs passed in the country's history, raising the average import tax to some 40 percent.