All of the following are types of jurisdiction except: concurrent
appellate
exclusive
criminal

Criminal is the only one that is not a type of jurisdiction

European militarism first began to happen after several European countries started creating alliances with one another. As a result of the increasing tension many countries began to build up their military, which caused even more tension. The art of diplomacy in solving issues was not an easy route to take because the European militarism made everyone think of war (I hope that's good enough :) , sorry I don't have enough time to do 125 word paragraph)