Aprimary theme of artistic production between 1550 and 1650 was:

The primary theme of artistic production during 1550-1650 was Religion. In Europe, this era is the height of religious culture and also the widespread influence of Catholicism. It penetrated literature and arts. It was the beginning of Renaissance signifying the end of Medieval ages. People were empowered intellectually and artistically.

B. Niccolo Machiavelli

The political theorist and diplomat Niccolo Machiavelli was the author of the Prince (officially printed/published in 1532) and he was reportedly inspired by Cesare Borgia.