Evaluate the extent to which the columbian exchange fostered change in the americas in the period from 1491 to 1700.

The across-the-board exchange of food, population, ideas, cultures, diseases, animals, commodities, technology is called the Columbian exchange.

The exchange occurred between the old and new world by Christopher Columbus in 1492.

The exchange facilitated a huge transformation in America and Europe:

In America, the Native Americans were decimated and the population suffered badly from the outbreak of syphilis and measles towards which they were not immune. The disease killed more than 90% of the Native American population.Many Europeans migrated to America with animals that were the main reason for the disease outbreak and also resulted in competition for food and land between the natives and Europeans.The staple diet of Natives got affected by the incorporation of Eurasian goods like apples, wheat, rice, cows and horses.

Therefore, the Columbians exchange affected Natives in both good and bad ways.

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The Columbian exchanged fostered massive changes in both the Americas and Europe.

For the Americas, the first, and most radical change was the decimation of the Native American population, due to the spread of diseases of Eurasian origin, such as measles and syphillis, for which the Native Americans did not have any defenses. According to some historians, the spread of this diseases killed up to 95% of the pre-columbian Native American population.

The second change is related to the first, and was the immigration of many Europeans to the Americas: Spaniards to Spanish Latin America, Portuguese to Portuguese Latin America, and so on.

A third change came from the introduction of Eurasian goods: from horses, to cows, to apples, to rice and wheat. This changed the lifestyle and diet of even Native Americans. For example, Native Americans in the United States adapted to the use of horses, which became a crucial part of their culture.

The answer is B. National government