Many european nations and japan sought many colonies for what reason? what is the vocabulary term for these types of european and japanese colonies?

First Part:

European nations and Japan typically saught many colonies for resources. Let me explain. Let us say you live on a rock in the vast ocean, you have a large fleet and standing army but you don't have enough food to feed them, let alone the people. So what do you do? You attack a neighbor with a smaller army to grow food. If that is not enough then you attack some more, and then more, until you own the entire world or are crushed by a larger enemy. This was the same thing Japan did and was eventually crushed by the united states.

The Rosetta Stone

Explanation:

The Rosetta stone was discovered in 1799. It was the most important discovery in relation to the interpretation of Ancient Egyptian since it contains a decree issued in 196 BCE in Egypt which contains three different sections, two of them using ancient Egyptian scripts and the other using ancient Greek. Fortunately, since the decree shows minor differences between the three sections, and since ancient Greek was decipherable, it became the key to decipher Egyptian hieroglyphs.