Mussolini became prime minister of italy when king victor emmanuel, reacting to fascist intimidation, appointed him. because the fascio di combattimento won a majority of seats in the parliamentary election. after groups of squadristi destroyed the socialist opposition to fascist rule. when he mounted a violent coup d'etat and seized control of the government. when he made an alliance with the pope and the bolshevik government of russia.

The correct answer here is the first option.

Mussolini became the prime minister primarily because the King Emanuel was afraid of Mussolini and his party. When Mussolini marched on Rome to demand the resignation of then current prime minister, the King refused to send the army as he thought Mussolini had many supporters there. The prime minister resigned and the King asked Mussolini to make a new government.

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