Recognizing how many syllables there are in a new word or what word it rhymes with is an example of .

phonemic encoding

Explanation:

Phonemic encoding Is a process that happen when we add a foreign verbal word/language Into a spelled word by using our semantic and syntactic information.

For example, let's say that a Japanese man is trying to learn English language, and he just learned the word "Hotdog". This type of word is not usual in Japanese Language because most of their words always ended in a vowel. So, to encode this, Japanese people will remember that word as "Hottudoggu".