The rise of the West African kingdoms of Ghana, Songhai , and Mali can be attributed to A. The spread of Christianity. B. Their emphasis on nationalism. C. The rise of European imperialism.
D. Thier locations near the trans-Saharan routes

Im pretty sure its d sorry if im wrong.

Explanation:

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The main way in which westward expansion in the US made jacksons election possible was that he was able to stand as the champion of the "common man" against the Native Populations, which he had forcibly removed in order to clear more area for white settlement.