The treatment of christian armenians in
ottoman turkey (1915) and the treatment of
bosnian muslims in the former yugoslavia (1990s)
are examples of
(1) international relief efforts
(2) human rights violations
(3) expansion of voting rights
(4) government protection of minorities

(2) human rights violations.

Both of those are examples of ethnic cleansing and genocide, where the majority attempted to wipe out the minority. This is definitely a human rights violation and it didn't have anything to do with voting, the government didn't protect them and there was little relief provided. Therefore 2 is the correct answer.

Capitalists is the answer of the following question.