Think about other benefits the Millers and Carpenters might receive. Part of the Millers’ income probably comes from Social Security. Perhaps the Carpenters send a preschooler to a federally funded Head Start nursery school. Because of their income level, the Carpenters also qualify for free milk at school. Next, think about what other taxes the Millers and Carpenters might be paying.
How does their state’s income tax and sales tax affect each?

Unclear question, but I infer you referring to a scenario provided by the IRS which I attached as an image.

Explanation:

Since it is noticeable from the image that the Millers earn more income than the Carpenters we expect them to have higher state income tax (following the rules of the progressive system). And they will pay more sales tax, because they're likely to spend more on purchases.

However, the reverse will be true of the Carpenters family.

Sometimes people will try to trick you and make you think that you give them an certain amount when really you need to give them less.

Explanation: