What colonial-era group is being described by these facts? sided with great britain in the american revolution, were also known as "tories" or "king's men," made up approximately 20% of the colonial population a) the patriots b) the redeemers c) the loyalists d) the sons of liberty

C) the Loyalists

Explanation:

The Loyalists were Americans that kept their loyalty to the British Empire during the American war. Despite the Patriots´persecution of them, approximately one-in-six Americans was a Loyalist during that period. Even before the war, a group of Philadelphia QUAKERS was persecuted because they were believed to show support for the British.

1. If the switch is closed, the total resistance of the circuit remains the same

2. The brightness of the bulb A when the switch is closed remains the same.

Explanation:

An ideal battery has no internal resistance, and hence, maintains a constant value of voltage without diminishing. The total resistance of the circuit will remain constant since this is an inherent unchanging property of a conducting circuit provided there is no change to its configurations. The brightness of the bulb A will remain unchanged since we are considering an ideal battery. In practice, ideal batteries don't exist, reason why battery powered light bulbs gradually dim with time as the internal resistance increases, till it eventually dies.