What was the name to goverchev policy of political openness?

The name given to Gorbachev's policy of political openness was called "glasnost."

The answer is slavery.

Here is cited proof:

The article "The American Civil War" by ReadWorks illustrates, "The major issue between  the North and the South was slavery. Starting in the 1850s, Northerners became more and  more hostile to the idea of slavery on moral grounds, while slavery continued to be an  accepted fact of life in the South."(1).