Dont do QA
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Step-by-step explanation:

To factorize, at first, do factorize all the terms then take the common terms out.

(a)

This can be written as

Now, taking x commom from both the terms.

(b)

Now, taking common from both the terms, we have

This is the required factorization.

(c)

This is the required factorization.

(d)

This is the required factorization.

a acid is a substance that can donate protons . or accepts the balance protons to form a bond .

a base is a substance that can accept protons or donate a pair of valence electrons to form a bond .