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06.07.2019 •
Mathematics
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Ответ:
a) 13.14% probability that an individual distance is greater than 215.50 cm.
b) 74.22% probability that the mean for 20 randomly selected distances is greater than 204.20 cm.
c) Because the overhead reach distances of adult females are normally distributed
Step-by-step explanation:
To solve this question, we need to understand the normal probability distribution and the central limit theorem.
Normal probability distribution:
Problems of normally distributed samples are solved using the z-score formula.
In a set with mean
and standard deviation 
, the zscore of a measure X is given by:
The Z-score measures how many standard deviations the measure is from the mean. After finding the Z-score, we look at the z-score table and find the p-value associated with this z-score. This p-value is the probability that the value of the measure is smaller than X, that is, the percentile of X. Subtracting 1 by the pvalue, we get the probability that the value of the measure is greater than X.
Central limit theorem:
The Central Limit Theorem estabilishes that, for a normally distributed random variable X, with mean
and standard deviation 
, the sample means with size n can be approximated to a normal distribution with mean 
and standard deviation 
In this problem, we have that:
a. Find the probability that an individual distance is greater than 215.50 cm.
This is the pvalue of Z when X = 215.50. So
1 - 0.8686 = 0.1314
13.14% probability that an individual distance is greater than 215.50 cm.
b. Find the probability that the mean for 20 randomly selected distances is greater than 204.20 cm.
Now we have
This probability is 1 subtracted by the pvalue of Z when X = 204.20. So
By the Central Limit Theorem
1 - 0.2578 = 0.7422
74.22% probability that the mean for 20 randomly selected distances is greater than 204.20 cm.
c. Why can the normal distribution be used in part (b), even though the sample size does not exceed 30?
Because the overhead reach distances of adult females are normally distributed