Why do we have to connect a voltmeter in parallel and an ammeter in series
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Ответ:
Kirchoff's First Law: The sum of currents flowing into a node equals the sum of currents flowing out of the node. Imagine breaking the circuit of interest at a point A and connecting an ammeter in series. Then using Kirchoff's First Law, the current flowing through the ammeter (from points A to A') is exactly the same (assuming an ideal ammeter with zero resistance) as the current that was flowing through point A before inserting the ammeter. That's precisely the behavior we want.
Kirchoff's Second Law: The sum of the voltages in any closed loop is equal to zero. Imagine connecting a voltmeter in parallel with some set of circuit components. This creates a closed loop. By Kirchoff's Second Law, the voltages in the loop must sum to zero; therefore, the voltage across the voltmeter terminals must be exactly the same as the voltage we are trying to measure. Again, this is just the behavior we are looking for.
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