According to milhaly csikszentmihalyi, is a heightened state of pleasure experienced when we are engaged in mental and physical challenges that absorb us.

Flow

Explanation:

The flow is a state reached when we focus on an activity that we find pleasurable so much that our sense of time becomes distorted. Being in a flow state leads to higher productivity and a as result, it can be a very helpful in many of life situations.

The flow is also referred sometimes as being in the zone or being hyperfocused.

So, the Greenback and the Populist parties arose only in 1860s - therefore we can reject those two options because of this (this is a lot later than the question asks for).

Now, we could consider the whig party, but it existed between 1833 and 1854 and there was a gap of over 10 years between the dissapearance of the Federalist Pary and the Whig party.

So the best answer is d) Republican