Active engagement (volunteering and political activity) in society is related to:

b. he has given up his humanity, since he still wants revenge, even once he's dead.

Explanation:

In "Frankenstein" by Mary Shelley, Victor has changed by the end of the novel. He has given up his humanity, since he still wants revenge, even once he's dead. At the beginning of the novel, Victor is a young scientist. He is fascinated by the perspective of giving life, and he gives life to a monstrous creature. After the monster killed all of his loved ones, he gives up humanity, and his sole ambition is to take revenge from the monster. When he becomes ill, he tells his story to Walton, leaving the pursue of the monster to him after his death.