Justin is 12 months old, and his uncle Frank is visiting for the first time in 6 months. Frank is delighted to see his nephew, so as he enters the room, he booms, "There's my little man!" Justin looks to his mother, who is smiling broadly at her brother Frank, and crawls to her to be picked up. Justin is demonstrating .

Social referencing

Explanation:

Social referencing is the behavioral attitude which infants use to respond or behave behaviors towards any thing, human, and situations. Social referencing is the  mechanisms by which a child tries understand the environment around them.

Social referencing happens when any child observes  the  facial expressions of other known person to understand how to behave in any  unknown situation.

When Justin was not able to recognize Frank, he needed hints how to respond to him, hence, Justin, looks at his mother to whom a child is most closed, to see what is her response. Thus he is using social referencing to make a judgement about his uncle.

All the above, these can all be violent and abusive.