Which factor contributes to special education placement of students from culturally diverse backgrounds?

Different educational placement of student with culturally diverse backgrounds is a manner of segregation, in opposition to current trend in eduation models that foster universal integration instead.

The model of urbanization is a factor that contributes to these new forms of segregation. Children usually attend the public school which is the closest to their home. If cities are structured in such a way, that people from different cultural backgrounds tend to live in different neighbourhoods, their children will also attend different schools.

B. Allow states to deny voting rights to black applicants on legal grounds.

Explanation:

After the Civil War ended and slavery was outlawed in the United States, the Southern States refused to accept the equal status of Black people and so came up with codes that were aimed to keep the Black population in the south under them.

One such code was literacy tests. These were required to be taken to vote. Seeing as the South had denied Black people the right to read and be literate, they were not educated after the war and so would fail the literacy tests imposed for them to pass and vote.