According to most theories about the evolution of early life on earth, the atmosphere had an abundance of ammonia, methane, and carbon dioxide, shown above. free energy from lightning could have allowed chemical reactions to occur that generated the precursors to life on earth. which inorganic molecule(s) are accurately paired with their role in the formation of organic molecules necessary to life?
a) ammonia would have provided the nitrogen found in the amine groups of amino acid and the nitrogenous bases in dna.
b) methane would have provided the hydrogen to form water, a universal solvent for chemical reactions supporting life.
c) ammonia would have provided the electrons to generate atp using an electron transport chain within the mitochondria.
d) carbon dioxide would have provided the oxygen needed to perform photosynthesis, resulting in the production of glucose.

Cell surface or membrane is made of phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins and sugars. Cell membrane acts as a barrier between cell and its external environment but it is also responsible for the communication with other cells and transport of molecules inside and outside the cell. It is selectively permeable to ions and molecules (some of them pass through the membrane easily, while others require transport proteins or channels). There are 4 ways of molecule transport:

1.Diffusion – no energy required

2.Facilitated transport – transport proteins included

3.Active and co-transport – energy required

4.Vesicle transport (exocytosis and endocytosis)

Microvilli are extensions of cell membrane that increase its surface for diffusion.

Different types of cell junctions have a different influence on the membrane transport. For example, tight junctions are a barrier and the molecules are unable to pass through.