Here is a easy question summary the Interphase, prophase metaphase, anaphase and telophase step by step for each of the phase

Interphase:

The DNA is present as uncondensed chromatin, which is not visible under a microscope. The DNA is contained within a clearly defined nucleus . Centrosomes and other organelles have been duplicated , and the cell is enlarged in preparation for division .

Prophase:

The DNA supercoils and chromosomes condense, becoming visible under a microscope). The chromosomes are comprised of genetically identical sister chromatids, which are joined at a centromere). Paired centrosomes then move to the opposite poles of the cell and form microtubule spindle fibers , the nuclear membrane breaks down, and the nucleus dissolves .

Metaphase:

The microtubule spindle fibers from both centrosomes connect to the centromere of each chromosome , microtubule depolymerisation causes spindle fibers to shorten in length and contract , causing chromosomes to align along the center of the cell.

Anaphase:

The continued contraction of the spindle fibers cause genetically identical sister chromatids to separate . Once the chromatids separate, they are individual chromosomes. The genetically identical chromosomes move to the opposite poles of the cell .

Telophase:

Once the two chromosome sets arrive at the poles, spindle fibers dissolve  and chromosomes decondense, becoming invisible under light microscopes.  Nuclear membranes reform around each chromosome set , and cytokinesis occurs concurrently, splitting the cell into two separate cells.

The entire process is called gene expression. In translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded in a ribosome, outside the nucleus, to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide. The polypeptide later folds into an active protein and performs its functions in the cell.