In the southwestern desert of the united states there are temporary ponds that form only after heavy summer rains. as a naturalist, you visit these ponds and notice that female frogs mate with males of their own species based only on their calls. the lack of mating between species would be an example of and

This is an example of post-zygotic isolation and behavioral isolation. Behavioral isolation is defined as a mechanism allowing members of a species to only identify one another as correct mates. Post-zygotic isolation, however, is when two members of different species mate and create a hybrid, infertile offspring, which is, of course, not desirable and rarely happens without human intervention.

Inside the inner membrane of the mitochondria there is a chain of electron carriers. This chain is called the electron transport chain. Electrons from the oxidative reactions in the earlier stages of cell respiration pass along the chain. NADH donates two electrons to the first carrier in the chain. These two electrons pass along the chain and release energy from one carrier to the next. At three locations along the chain, enough energy is released to produce ATP via ATP synthase. ATP synthase is an enzyme that is also found in the inner mitochondrial membrane. FADH2 also donates electrons but at a later stage than NADH. Also, enough energy is released at only two locations along the chain by electrons from FADH2. The ATP production relies on energy release by oxidation and it is therefore called oxidative phosphorylation.