What turns layers of sediments into rocks?

Sedimentary rocks are rocks that are formed by sediment accumulation, which are particles of various sizes that are transported by water, ice or wind, and are subjected to physical and chemical processes (diagenesis), which give rise to materials consolidated.

Explanation:

mentary rocks can form on the banks of rivers, at the bottom of ravines, valleys, lakes, seas, and at the mouths of rivers. They are disposed in layers or stratums.

There are external geological processes that act on pre-existing rocks, these agents weather them, transport and deposit them in different places depending on the transport (water, wind, ice). Similarly, different animal or plant organisms can contribute to the formation of sedimentary rocks (fossils). Sedimentary rocks can exist up to a depth of ten kilometers in the earth's crust. These rocks may appear loose or consolidated, that is, they have been joined to others by post-sedimentation processes, known as diagenesis.

The sedimentary rocks cover more than 75% of the earth's surface, forming a sedimentary cover that lies on igneous rocks and, to a lesser extent, on metamorphic ones.

The two most important factors in the climate of an area are temperature and precipitation. The yearly average temperature of the area is obviously important, but the yearly range in temperature is also important.