Branson works for a firm that is expanding into a completely new line of business. He has been asked to determine an appropriate WACC for an averagerisk project in the expansion division. Branson finds two publicly traded standalone firms that produce the same products as his new division. The average of the two firm's betas is 1.40. Further, he determines that the expected return on the market portfolio is 11.00% and the riskfree rate of return is 3.00%. Branson's firm finances 70% of its projects with equity and 30% with debt, and has a beforetax cost of debt of 8% and a corporate tax rate of 20%. What is the WACC for the new line of business? A. About 10.78% B. About 13.12% C. About 11.86% D. About 12.64%
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Ответ:
Deere & Company (DE)
1. Calculation of Ratios:
a) Return on total assets = Net income divided by the average total assets, multiplied by 100.
Year 3 = $1,523.9/$57,965 x 100 = 2.6%
Year 2 = $1,940.0/$ 59,642 x 100 = 3.3%
Year 1 = $3,161.7 /$ 60,429 x 100 = 5.2%
b) Return on stockholders' equity: Earnings after taxes/Stockholders' equity x 100.
Year 3 = $1,523.9/$ 6,644 x 100 = 22.9%
Year 2 = $1,940.0/$7,912 x 100 = 24.5%
Year 1 = $3,161.7 /$ 9,667 x 100 = 32.7%
c) Earnings per share: Net Income/No. of outstanding shares.
Year 3 = $1,523.9/315 = $4.84
Year 2 = $1,940.0/334 = $5.81
Year 1 = $3,161.7 /363 = $8.71
d) Dividend yield: This is equal to the annual dividend per share divided by stock price per share, and multiplied by 100.
Year 3 = $2.40/$92.03 x 100 = 2.61%
Year 2 = $2.40/$81.10 x 100 = 2.96%
Year 1 = $2.22/$85.58 x 100 = 2.59%
e) Price-earnings ratio: This is equal to market price per share divided by the earnings per share.
Year 3 = $92.03/$4.84 = 19.0 times
Year 2 = $81.10/$5.81 = 13.9 times
Year 1 = $85.58/$8.71 = 9.8 times
Explanation:
a) Data
Year 3 Year 2 Year 1
('millions) ('millions) ('millions)
Net income (loss) $1,523.9 $1,940.0 $3,161.7
Preferred dividends $ 0.00 $ 0.00 $ 0.00
Interest expense $763.7 $ 680.0 $ 664.0
Shares outstanding 315 334 363
for computing earnings per share
Cash dividend per share $ 2.40 $ 2.40 $ 2.22
Average total assets $57,965 $ 59,642 $ 60,429
Average stockholders' equity $ 6,644 $7,912 $ 9,667
Average stock price per share $ 92.03 $ 81.10 $ 85.58
b) Return on total assets = Net income divided by the average total assets, multiplied by 100. It shows how well a company generates net income from assets.
Year 3 = $1,523.9/$57,965 x 100 = 2.63%
Year 2 = $1,940.0/$ 59,642 x 100 = 3.25%
Year 1 = $3,161.7 /$ 60,429 x 100 = 5.23%
c) Return on stockholders' equity: Earnings after taxes/Stockholders' equity x 100. It demonstrates how much of the earnings after taxes are available to stockholders.
Year 3 = $1,523.9/$ 6,644 x 100 = 22.94%
Year 2 = $1,940.0/$7,912 x 100 = 24.52%
Year 1 = $3,161.7 /$ 9,667 x 100 = 32.71%
d) Earnings per share: Net Income/No. of outstanding shares. It shows in dollar terms how much of the earnings made by a company is available to stockholders on the average of each share.
Year 3 = $1,523.9/315 = $4.84
Year 2 = $1,940.0/334 = $5.81
Year 1 = $3,161.7 /363 = $8.71
e) Dividend yield: This is equal to the annual dividend per share divided by stock price per share, and multiplied by 100. It shows how a company pays dividend each year in relation to its share price.
Year 3 = $2.40/$92.03 x 100 = 2.61%
Year 2 = $2.40/$81.10 x 100 = 2.96%
Year 1 = $2.22/$85.58 x 100 = 2.59%
f) Price-earnings ratio: This is equal to market price per share divided by the earnings per share. It shows if a company is overvalued or undervalued.
Year 3 = $92.03/$4.84 = 19.0 times
Year 2 = $81.10/$5.81 = 13.9 times
Year 1 = $85.58/$8.71 = 9.8 times
g) Ratios are used to present a picturesque view of a company's financial performance and position to make easily understood and compared with other companies in the industry and over the years (trend analysis). They are important financial management and investment tools, which should, however, not be taken in isolation.