Chemistry: What of an acid and a base is determined by how completely they dissociate in water ?

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What of an acid and a base is determined by how completely

sindy35111

14.01.2022

Explanation:

If an acid is strong in nature then upon dissolving in water it will completely dissociate into ions.

For example, HCl is a strong acid and when we dissolve it in water then it will dissociate into hydrogen ( $H^{+}$ ) and chlorine ( $Cl^{-}$ ) ions.

$HCl + H_{2}O \rightarrow H^{+} + Cl^{-}$

And, if an acid is weak in nature then it will partially dissociate into ions.

For example, acetic acid is a weak acid and it will dissociate as follows when dissolved in water.

$CH_{3}COOH + H_{2}O \rightleftharpoons CH_{3}COO^{-} + H^{+}$

Similarly, if a base is strong in nature then it will completely dissociate into ions.

For example, NaOH is a strong base and when it is added to water it will dissociate as follows.

$NaOH + H_{2}O \rightarrow Na^{+} + OH^{-}$

And, when a base is weak in nature then it will partially dissociate upon dissolution in water.

For example, ammonia is a weak base and it will dissociate as follows when added to water.

$NH_{3} + H_{2}O \rightleftharpoons NH^{+}_{4} + OH^{-}$

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