Adolf Hitler & the Nazi Party • gains support in the Nazi Party by attacking the hated Treaty of • Blames Germany’s problems on and • Appointed of Germany in 1933 • Transforms the into the Third Reich, a total dictatorship Germany Under Nazi Rule • Hitler wanted to create a Aryan people would be considered a pure race and superior to other people • or prejudice against Jews had been around for centuries Nazi Leaders • was the head of the Nazi Propaganda Ministry and controlled all communications • Encouraged to eliminate other ideas • led the SS – the Nazi’s secret police • Formed death squads known as the • One of the architects of the and death camps • helped to organize the Holocaust • Was in charge of transporting Jews from ghettos to The Nuremberg Laws • Passed in • Said anyone with any would be considered a Jew • Further restrictions were placed and of the Jews increased. Kristallnacht • Kristallnacht - took place November 1938. • Jewish stores, houses, and were systematically destroyed • Marks the beginning of widespread government-led against Jews Jews in Germany • created where all people with Jewish ancestry had to register with the government • Jews had to wear the badge everywhere they went • Forced to live in isolated The Final Solution • Plan developed in 1942 to all Jews from Europe • Jewish people from across were taken to concentration camps • In the camps they were used for or killed The Camps • Many could be

The Starving Time refers to the winter of 1609–1610 when about three-quarters of the English colonists in Virginia died of starvation or starvation-related diseases. In his unpublished account A Trewe Relation, George Percy, who served as president during these grim months, wrote that Englishmen felt "the sharp price of hunger which noe man truly describe butt he which hath tasted the bitterness thereof." Already for two years, the Jamestown colonists had died at alarming rates, mostly of summertime diseases. In 1609, the beginning of the First Anglo-Powhatan War (1609–1614) prompted the Indians to lay siege to the English fort, helping to provoke the famine. Settlers were forced to eat snakes, vipers, rats, mice, musk turtles, cats, dogs, horses, and perhaps even raptors. In addition, multiple gruesome stories suggest, and archaeological evidence has partially corroborated, that settlers devoured each other. The siege lifted in May 1610, and when the survivors of the Sea Venture wreck arrived in Virginia, they found just 60 gaunt remnants of the 240 people who had crowded the fort the previous November. Many observers argued that the colonists' idleness—their persistent refusal to work for their food—contributed to the famine. It is likely, though, that malnutrition and despair worked together to create symptoms that imitated laziness. In the end, Virginia survived, but just barely.