Describe the rise and fall of the ottoman empire.

The Ottoman Empire started with the emergence of the Ottoman principility in 1299 ce. The first ruler of the Ottoman polity, Osman I, descended from a Turkic tribe that migrated out of Central Asia, according to later Ottoman tradition. The Ottoman people relied on neighboring lands and warlords to maintain their land since they were merely one of the many competing states in the region. The conquest of Constantinople on May 29, 1543 brought the Byzantine Empire to an end. The Ottoman Empire survives until the armistice of October 31, 1918. The fighting between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies ended but this did not bring stability or peace to the region. In the end, the Ottoman Empire collapsed.

The First Opium War (1839-1842)

Britain had been trying to gain trade access to China as part of its imperial ambitions.  They found a product they could get Chinese people to buy -- the drug, opium.  The Chinese government vehemently opposed this illegal trading the British were carrying on, and the First Opium War resulted.  The British won and imposed the Treaty of Nanking on China in 1842, which compelled China to open its doors more widely to foreign trade.  The United States followed up in 1844 with The Treaty of Wangxia, which gave the US access to trade in China.  

From 1850 to 1860, conflict continued between the British and the Chinese in the Second Opium War, again with Britain prevailing and forcing China to open trade rules still further.