How many states have to approve the constitution

Instead, on September 28, Congress directed the state legislatures to call ratification conventions in each state. Article VII stipulated that nine states had to ratify the Constitution for it to go into effect.

B. The author is biased against a law because it would financially  affect his business.

Explanation:

The author of the excerpt is biased. He treats environmental protection laws as if it were a strategy for politicians to end his business. Environmental laws are meant to protect the environment so that we have a comfortable life, but the author of the excerpt only cares about his company's profit and acts as if environmental laws were a bad, selfish thing.

The part of the excerpt that makes this clear is "By limiting the amount of chemicals I can pour into the local river, these politicians are trying to  drive down our productivity and put me out of business!"