In 1840, the population of chicago was only 4,470. by 1900, the city's population was 1,698,575. which factor best explains the population change?

Warriorz13
Warriorz13 2 years ago
Chicago 1850 population 29,963

The built-up area of the young city (green) extended only a third of the

way to the city limits. The Illinois & Michigan Canal, opened in 1848,

connected the city to Downstate Illinois and the Mississippi Valley. The

first railroad reached the city the same year.

Chicago 1860 population 109,260

A dozen railroad lines now reached the city, and settlement reached west

and north of the Chicago River. The first horsecar line opened in 1859,

along State Street from Randolph to Roosevelt.

Chicago 1870 population 298,977

City limits have been extended, and development extended in fingerlike

patterns out along the half-dozen horsecar lines. The city became a

manufacturing center as well as the center of Western agricultural trade.

Chicago 1880 population 503,185

Post-Fire resettlement led to development of outlying neighborhoods and the

first commuter suburbs, which appear like beads strung along the radiating

railroad lines.

Chicago 1890 population 1,099,850

The city's territory more than doubled as surrounding towns agreed to

annexation in 1889. Other settled areas, such as Evanston, Oak Park, and

Maywood, remained independent of the city. New cable car lines reached

further out from the Loop than the old horsecars could.

TOP

Chicago 1900 population 1,698,575

The first elevated line opened in 1892 and was quickly followed by others

reaching far out into the neighborhoods. Both the L lines and new electric

streetcar lines spurred development in outlying areas. The new Sanitary

and Ship Canal replaced the Illinois & Michigan Canal.

Chicago 1910 population 2,185,283

Extensions to the elevated lines reached into developing areas and even

beyond the city limits.

Chicago 1920 population 2,701,705

The L was extended to Wilmette and Berwyn. The North Shore Channel was dug

to provide fresh water to flush the stagnant North Branch of the Chicago

River.

Chicago 1930 population 3,376,438

A decade of frantic growth resulted in thousands of new bungalows

encircling the city. Elevated extensions to Dempster (Niles Center, now

Skokie) and 22nd & Mannheim (Westchester) were expected to serve new

developments, but the Depression ended the city's homebuilding boom. New

landfill areas created more lakefront parkland, some of which was used for

the 1933-34 Century of Progress Exposition. The Cal-Sag Channel opened,

connecting Lake Calumet port facilities to the Sanitary & Ship Canal.

Chicago 1940 population 3,396,808

The Depression hit Chicago hard, ending the city's building boom. The city

changed little from 1930. Lake Shore Drive became the city's first express

highway.

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Chicago 1950 population 3,620,962

The State Street subway opened in 1943. After the Chicago Transit

Authority took over rapid transit operations in 1947, service to Niles

Center was ended. A postwar building boom filled in the city and the first

ring of suburbs with new houses, and increasing auto ownership meant the

development of areas far from public transit lines.

Chicago 1960 population 3,550,404

CTA closed several rapid transit branch lines during the 1950s, including

the Stockyards, Kenwood, Humboldt Park, and Normal Park lines. The

Garfield Park line was cut back to Desplaines Avenue and relocated to the

median of the new Congress (now Eisenhower) Expressway. New development

was most pronounced in the Morton Grove, Skokie, Niles, and Des Plaines
areas, areas served by the new Edens Expressway or near the new O'Hare
International Airport. The full tollway network and Calumet Skyway opened
in 1958.
Chicago 1970 population 3,369,359
The expressway network (shown in rose) radiating from the Loop was
finished. Skokie Swift service brought rapid transit back to Skokie in
1964, and two new lines were constructed in expressway medians: the
extension to Jefferson Park and the Dan Ryan line to 95th Street. New port
facilities at Lake Calumet followed completion of the St. Lawrence Seaway
in 1959.
Chicago 1980
Suburban growth in the early 1970s spread to Schaumburg and Oak Brook, but

then development slowed as a nationwide recession and declines in Midwest
manufacturing hit Chicago. CTA suffered from a series of financial crises
and service cutbacks. The planned Crosstown Expressway was cancelled as
public attention turned to energy and environmental concerns.
Chicago 1990
Rapid transit service reached O'Hare, and money from the cancelled
Crosstown Expressway paid for a new line to Midway Airport (opened 1993).
A building boom filled the Loop with new office towers, and former
industrial areas near the Loop were redeveloped with apartments and
townhouses.

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