What basic rights does the constitution protect

Basically the 10 amendments so
1st freedom of speech
2nd right to bear arms (own guns)
3rd Nobody can force citizens to house soldiers
4th A police needs warrants to search you
5th the right to have our rights read to us when arrested
6th right to a fair trial
7th right to a jury in civil cases
8th No cruel bails, fines or punishments for example, Nobody can go to jail for 20 years for stealing a candy bar
9th Any basic and obvious rights not mentioned in the constitution
10th Powers not given to federal government is given to state government

He re-hauled and rewrote the criminal and civil procedure codes because the old ones were archaic and represented old times. The codes were more accessible to people and modernized according to enlightenment philosophies. He also introduced codes about education which resulted in numerous new schools and universities being opened.