What event sparked the beginning of world was 1?
a. the death of queen victoria
b. the bolshevik revolution in russia
c. the bombing of pearl harbor
d. the assassination of archduke francis ferdinand of austria

D . the assassination of archduke Francis Ferdinand

They conquered Malacca and seized cities on the east coast of Africa, using military and missionary force. ... They captured Malacca from the Portuguese and opened trade with China. They used military force and forged close ties with local rulers than the Portuguese had.