What was the effect of African countries not being invited to participate in the berlin conference

The affect was that the European borders in Africa were different than the borders already established by the Africans. Therefore tribes in dispute were forced to share a territory while also in some cases being separated from the rest of their tribe. This cause several disputes among the natives and lead to many difficulties in control for the Europeans.

It shows how the Indian natives went from tending native crops and not raising cattle to conforming to the Spanish trade of life