Which amendment influenced the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by states?

The Equal Protection Clause is part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The clause, which took effect in 1868, provides that no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction "the equal protection of the laws

There were less citizens in the South, which meant that they had less representation in the government. The amount of slaves was overwhelming and by enacting the 3/5’s compromise, the Southern states were able to use the slaves as political pawns while still not admitting they were people with normal rights, thus still having a justifiable cause for slavery.